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    Subliminal advertising

    DefinitionBrand & Creativity

    Subliminal advertising

    Messages presented below conscious perception to influence behaviour - famously 'proven' by James Vicary's 1957 cinema experiment, which he later admitted was fabricated. Decades of research since find no meaningful advertising effect, yet the myth survives; the real lesson is that advertising works through memory and association, all of it above the threshold.

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    Marketing Definitions

    James Vicary hoax (1957, recanted 1962); subsequent replication failures